On Medicine for High Blood Pressure Why Is Blood Pressure Readings Still High

Blood pressure is a measurement of the force exerted against the walls of your arteries every bit your heart pumps blood to your trunk. Hypertension is the term used to describe loftier blood force per unit area.

Untreated high blood pressure can lead to many medical problems. These include middle disease, stroke, kidney failure, eye issues, and other wellness issues.

Blood pressure readings are given as two numbers. The meridian number is called systolic blood pressure level. The bottom number is chosen diastolic blood pressure. For example, 120 over 80 (written as 120/80 mm Hg).

One or both of these numbers can exist as well high. (Notation: These numbers utilize to people who are non taking medicines for claret pressure and who are not ill.)

• Normal claret pressure is when your claret force per unit area is lower than 120/80 mm Hg most of the time.
• High blood pressure level (hypertension) is when ane or both of your blood pressure readings are higher than 130/80 mm Hg most of the time.
• If the top claret pressure level number is between 120 and 130 mm Hg, and the bottom blood pressure number is less than 80 mm Hg, it is chosen elevated blood pressure.

If yous have heart or kidney bug, or you had a stroke, your doctor may want your blood pressure to be even lower than that of people who practise not take these conditions.

Many factors can affect blood pressure level, including:

• The corporeality of water and salt you lot have in your body
• The condition of your kidneys, nervous arrangement, or blood vessels
• Your hormone levels

Yous are more likely to exist told your blood pressure is besides high every bit yous go older. This is because your claret vessels become stiffer as you age. When that happens, your blood pressure goes up. Loftier blood pressure increases your chance of having a stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney illness, or early death.

You lot have a higher gamble of high claret pressure if y'all:

• Are African American
• Are obese
• Are oftentimes stressed or anxious
• Potable as well much alcohol (more than one drinkable per 24-hour interval for women and more than 2 drinks per day for men)
• Eat likewise much table salt
• Accept a family history of high blood force per unit area
• Accept diabetes
• Smoke

Nearly of the fourth dimension, no crusade of high claret pressure is found. This is called essential hypertension.

High blood pressure that is caused by another medical condition or medicine you are taking is called secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension may be due to:

• Chronic kidney disease
• Disorders of the adrenal gland (such as pheochromocytoma or Cushing syndrome)
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Pregnancy or preeclampsia
• Medicines such as birth control pills, nutrition pills, some cold medicines, migraine medicines, corticosteroids, some antipsychotics, and sure medicines used to treat cancer
• Narrowed artery that supplies blood to the kidney (renal artery stenosis)
• Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Most of the fourth dimension, there are no symptoms. For most people, high blood pressure level is establish when they visit their wellness intendance provider or have it checked elsewhere.

Considering there are no symptoms, people can develop heart disease and kidney problems without knowing they have loftier blood pressure.

Malignant hypertension is a unsafe class of very loftier blood pressure. Symptoms may include:

• Astringent headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Defoliation
• Vision changes
• Nosebleeds

Diagnosing high claret pressure early on can help forestall heart disease, stroke, centre problems, and chronic kidney affliction.

Your provider will measure your claret pressure many times before diagnosing yous with high claret pressure. Information technology is normal for your blood pressure level to exist dissimilar based on the fourth dimension of day.

All adults over the age of 18 should have their blood pressure checked every year. More than frequent measurements may be needed for those with a history of high blood pressure readings or those with risk factors for loftier blood pressure.

Claret force per unit area readings taken at home may be a better measure of your current blood force per unit area than those taken at your provider'south function.

• Make sure you get a good quality, well-plumbing equipment home blood force per unit area monitor. Information technology should have a properly sized cuff and a digital readout.
• Practice with your provider to make sure you are taking your blood pressure correctly.
• You lot should be relaxed and seated for several minutes prior to taking a reading.
• Bring your home monitor to your appointments so your provider can make certain it is working correctly.

Your provider will do a physical exam to look for signs of heart disease, harm to the eyes, and other changes in your body.

Tests may too exist done to expect for:

• Loftier cholesterol level
• Heart disease, using tests such equally an echocardiogram or electrocardiogram
• Kidney disease, using tests such as a bones metabolic panel and urinalysis or ultrasound of the kidneys

The goal of treatment is to reduce your claret pressure so that you have a lower risk of health problems acquired by high blood pressure. Yous and your provider should set a blood pressure goal for yous.

Whenever thinking almost the best treatment for high blood pressure, you and your provider must consider other factors such as:

• Your age
• The medicines yous take
• Your risk of side effects from possible medications
• Other medical weather condition you lot may have, such as a history of centre disease, stroke, kidney problems, or diabetes

If your blood pressure level is between 120/eighty and 130/80 mm Hg, you have elevated blood pressure.

• Your provider will recommend lifestyle changes to bring your blood pressure downward to a normal range.
• Medicines are rarely used at this stage.

If your blood pressure is higher than 130/eighty, simply lower than 140/90 mm Hg, yous accept Stage ane loftier blood pressure level. When thinking near the best treatment, you and your provider must consider:

• If you have no other diseases or chance factors, your provider may recommend lifestyle changes and echo the measurements after a few months.
• If your claret pressure remains above 130/80, only lower than 140/xc mm Hg, your provider may recommend medicines to treat high blood pressure level.
• If you accept other diseases or risk factors, your provider may be more than likely to start medicines at the aforementioned fourth dimension as lifestyle changes.

If your blood pressure is higher than 140/90 mm Hg, y'all have Phase 2 high claret pressure. Your provider will most probable start you on medicines and recommend lifestyle changes.

Before making a final diagnosis of either elevated claret pressure or high blood pressure level, your provider should ask you to accept your blood pressure measured at dwelling, at your pharmacy, or somewhere else likewise their office or a hospital.

LIFESTYLE CHANGES

You can do many things to help control your blood pressure, including:

• Eat a centre-healthy nutrition, including potassium and fiber.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Get at least xl minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise at to the lowest degree 3 to four days a week.
• If you smoke, quit.
• Limit how much booze you drink to i potable a mean solar day for women, and 2 a twenty-four hours for men or less.
• Limit the corporeality of sodium (salt) y'all eat. Aim for less than one,500 mg per day.
• Reduce stress. Endeavor to avoid things that cause you lot stress, and try meditation or yoga to de-stress.
• Stay at a salubrious body weight.

Your provider can help you observe programs for losing weight, stopping smoking, and exercising.

You can too get a referral to a dietitian, who tin can assist y'all plan a diet that is healthy for you.

How low your blood pressure should be and at what level y'all demand to beginning treatment is individualized, based on your age and any medical issues you accept.

MEDICINES FOR HYPERTENSION

Most of the time, your provider will try lifestyle changes outset, and check your blood pressure 2 or more than times. Medicines volition likely be started if your blood pressure readings remain at or in a higher place these levels:

• Superlative number (systolic pressure) of 130 or more
• Bottom number (diastolic pressure) of fourscore or more

If you accept diabetes, heart bug, or a history of a stroke, medicines may exist started at lower blood pressure reading. The most commonly used blood force per unit area targets for people with these medical problems are below 120 to 130/80 mm Hg.

There are many different medicines to treat high claret pressure.

• Often, a single blood pressure drug may non be plenty to control your blood force per unit area, and yous may need to take ii or more drugs.
• It is very of import that you take the medicines prescribed to you lot.
• If you have side effects, your physician can substitute a dissimilar medicine.

Almost of the time, high blood pressure level can be controlled with medicine and lifestyle changes.

When blood pressure level is non well-controlled, yous are at chance for:

• Bleeding from the aorta, the big blood vessel that supplies claret to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs
• Chronic kidney disease
• Heart set on and middle failure
• Poor blood supply to the legs
• Problems with your vision
• Stroke

If you have loftier claret force per unit area, you will have regular checkups with your provider.

Fifty-fifty if you have not been diagnosed with loftier claret force per unit area, information technology is important to have your blood force per unit area checked during your regular cheque-up, especially if someone in your family has or had loftier blood pressure.

Call your provider right away if habitation monitoring shows that your claret pressure is nonetheless high.

Most people can forbid loftier blood pressure from occurring by following lifestyle changes designed to bring claret pressure downwardly.

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Updated by: Michael A. Chen, Dr., PhD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Sectionalization of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Middle, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, WA. Internal review and update on 06/03/2021 by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Manager, and the A.D.A.One thousand. Editorial squad.

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Source: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000468.htm

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